Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
polity2_t2 |
Polity2 Scores at \(t_2\) | Marshall, Jaggers, and Gurr (2015) |
fh_t2 |
Freedom House Scores at \(t_2\) | Freedom House (2013) |
polity2_t1 ,…,polity2_t5 ; fh_t1 ,…,fh_t5 |
Polity and FH scores at \(t_1, ..., t_5\) annual leads | Marshall, Jaggers, and Gurr (2015), Freedom House (2013) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
quality |
NELDA Election Quality Index on a 9-point scale. See text for description of individual NELDA variables included | Hyde and Marinov (2012) |
v2xel_frefair |
V-Dem Clean Election Index, between 0 and 1. See text for description of individual V-Dem components included | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
LJI_t2 |
Linzer and Staton De Facto Judicial Independence | Linzer and Staton (2015) |
v2x_jucon_t2 |
V-Dem Judicial Independence | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
LJI_t1 , …, LJI_t5 ; v2x_jucon_t1 , …, v2x_jucon_t5 |
Different annual leads for LJI and V-Dem scores | Linzer and Staton (2015), Coppedge et al. (2015) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
v2dlencmps_t1 |
Particularistic vs. Public Spending. Low values indicate more particularistic spending | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
v2x_corr_t1 |
V-Dem Political Corruption score. High values indicate higher corruption. | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
v2x_corr_t1 ,…v2x_corr_t5 ; v2dlencmps_t1 ,…v2dlencmps_t5 |
Different annual leads for the corruption and spending variables | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
cabinetCOUNT |
Power-Sharing (cabinet). Average count of rebel seats in the power-sharing cabinet in a year | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
seniorCOUNT |
Power-Sharing (senior). Average count of rebel seats in senior positions the power-sharing cabinet | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
nonseniorCOUNT |
Power-Sharing (nonsenior). Average count of rebel seats in nonsenior positions the power-sharing cabinet | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
cabinetINC |
Power-Sharing (binary). Dummy indicating whether any rebel held a cabinet position in the post-conflict power-sharing cabinet in a year | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
ps_share |
Power-Sharing (share). Share of rebel seats in the power-sharing cabinet. Only available until 2008. | Banks and Wilson (2016); Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
cabinetCOUNT_six |
Power-Sharing (six). Number of rebel seats in the power-sharing cabinet, if rebels held at the position for at least six months | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
cabinetCOUNT_min |
Power-Sharing (min). Miniumun number of rebel seats in the power-sharing cabinet | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
cabinetCOUNT_max |
Power-Sharing (max). Maximum number of rebel seats in the power-sharing cabinet | Ottmann and Vüllers (2015) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
aiddata_AidGDP_ln |
Natural log of Foreign Aid in % of GDP (constant 2011 USD) | Tierney et al. (2011) |
dga_gdp_zero |
Democracy and Governance Aid as % of GDP (constant 2011 USD). zero indicates that country-years with no democracy and governance aid projects were assigned the value of zero. See main text for description of sector codes used. |
Tierney et al. (2011) |
program_aid_gdp_zero |
Program Aid as % of GDP (constant 2011 USD). zero indicates that country-years with no program aid projects were assigned the value of zero. See main text for description of sector codes used. |
Tierney et al. (2011) |
commodity_aid_gdp_zero |
Budget Aid as % of GDP (constant 2011 USD). zero indicates that country-years with no budget aid projects were assigned the value of zero. See main text for description of sector codes used. |
Tierney et al. (2011) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
nonstate |
Dummy variable; 1 = Presence of nonstate conflict in country-year, 0 = no nonstate conflict | Sundberg, Eck, and Kreutz (2012) |
conf_intens |
Dummy variable; 1 = Conflict prior to peace period had more than 1000 Battle-related Deaths, 0 = Less than 1000 BRDs | Themnér and Wallensteen (2012) |
ln_gdp_pc , log(GDP_per_capita) |
Numeric; Natural log of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita (WDI variable name: NY.GDP.MKTP.CD ) |
World Bank (2015a) |
ln_pop, log(population) |
Numeric; Natural log of population size (WDI variable name: SP.POP.TOTL ) |
World Bank (2015b) |
WBnatres |
Numeric; Natural Resource Rents in % of GDP (WDI variable name: NY.GDP.TOTL.RT.ZS ) |
World Bank (2015c) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
nelda57 |
Dummy; NELDA57 “Was aid (threatened to be) cut-off before or after the elections?” (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Hyde and Marinov (2012) |
nelda45 |
Dummy; NELDA45 “Were international monitors present?” (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Hyde and Marinov (2012) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
v2jureform_t2 |
Numeric; V-Dem measure of reform of the judiciary at \(t_2\) | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
v2juaccnt_t2 |
Numeric; V-Dem measure of accountability of the judiciary at \(t_2\) | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
v2jupurge_t2 |
Numeric; V-Dem measure of purges of the judiciary at \(t_2\) | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
v2jupack_t2 |
Numeric; V-Dem measure of court packing at \(t_2\) | Coppedge et al. (2015) |
Variable in Dataset | Description | Source |
---|---|---|
Ethnic |
Numeric; Ethnic Fractionalization Index; higher values indicate higher fractionalization | Alesina et al. (2003) |
DS_ordinal |
Ordinal; UN PKO; 1 to 4 with 1 least robust mandate and 4 most robust mandate (see text for coding details) | Doyle and Sambanis (2006), Hegre, Hultman, and Nygard (2011) |
LJI_regional_mean |
Numeric; regional mean of LJI scores (see above) with in 14 World Bank regions | Linzer and Staton (2015) |
commonlaw |
Dummy; Indicates whether country common law legal system (1 = yes, 0 = no) | Melton and Ginsburg (2014) |
duration_constitution |
Numeric; Number of years current constitution has been in power | Melton and Ginsburg (2014) |
persaggny2 |
Numeric; " total number of changes of the chief executive during the regime spell divided by the years of regime spell duration" higher values = lower tendency of personalist rule | Wahman, Teorell, and Hadenius (2013) |
Alesina, Alberto, Arnaud Devleeschauwer, William Easterly, Sergio Kurlat, and Romain Wacziarg. 2003. “Fractionalization.” Journal of Economic Growth 8 (2): 155–94. doi:10.1023/A:1024471506938.
Banks, Arthur S., and Kenneth A. Wilson. 2016. Cross-National Time-Series Data Archive. Jerusalem: Databanks International.
Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, and others. 2015. Varieties of Democracy: Methodology. Gothenburg: Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
Doyle, Michael W., and Nicholas Sambanis. 2006. Making War and Building Peace: United Nations Peace Operations. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Freedom House. 2013. Freedom in the World 2013. Washington, DC: Freedom House.
Hegre, Håvard, Lisa Hultman, and Havard Mokleiv Nygard. 2011. “Simulating the Effect of Peacekeeping Operations 2010-2035.” In Social Computing, Behavioral-Cultural Modeling and Prediction, edited by John Salerno, Shanchieh Jay Yang, Dana Nau, and Sun-Ki Chai, 325–32. New York: Springer.
Hyde, Susan D., and Nikolay Marinov. 2012. “Which Elections Can Be Lost?” Political Analysis 20 (2): 191–210. doi:10.1093/pan/mpr040.
Linzer, Drew A., and Jeffrey K. Staton. 2015. “A Global Measure of Judicial Independence, 19482012.” Journal of Law and Courts 3 (2): 223–56.
Marshall, Monty G., Keith Jaggers, and Ted Robert Gurr. 2015. “Polity IV Project. Political Regime Characteristics and Transitions, 1800-2014. Dataset User’s Manual.” Center for Systemic Peace: Polity IV Project. http://www.systemicpeace.org/inscr/p4manualv2015.pdf.
Melton, James, and Tom Ginsburg. 2014. “Does De Jure Judicial Independence Really Matter? A Reevaluation of Explanations for Judicial Independence.” Journal of Law and Courts 2 (2): 187–217.
Ottmann, Martin, and Johannes Vüllers. 2015. “The Power-Sharing Event Dataset (PSED): A New Dataset on the Promises and Practices of Power-Sharing in Post-Conflict Countries.” Conflict Management and Peace Science 32 (3): 327–50.
Sundberg, Ralph, Kristine Eck, and Joakim Kreutz. 2012. “Introducing the UCDP Non-State Conflict Dataset.” Journal of Peace Research 49 (2): 351–62. doi:10.1177/0022343311431598.
Themnér, Lotta, and Peter Wallensteen. 2012. “Armed Conflicts, 19462011.” Journal of Peace Research 49 (4): 565–75. doi:10.1177/0022343312452421.
Tierney, Michael J., Daniel L. Nielson, Darren G. Hawkins, J. Timmons Roberts, Michael G. Findley, Ryan M. Powers, Bradley Parks, Sven E. Wilson, and Robert L. Hicks. 2011. “More Dollars Than Sense: Refining Our Knowledge of Development Finance Using AidData.” World Development 39 (11): 1891–1906.
Wahman, Michael, Jan Teorell, and Axel Hadenius. 2013. “Authoritarian Regime Types Revisited: Updated Data in Comparative Perspective.” Contemporary Politics 19 (1): 19–34. doi:10.1080/13569775.2013.773200.
World Bank. 2015a. “GDP (Current US$).” World Development Indicators. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CD.
———. 2015b. “Population, Total.” World Development Indicators. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.
———. 2015c. “Total Natural Resource Rents (% of GDP).” World Development Indicators. http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.TOTL.RT.ZS.